Hale County vs. Alabama
Comparative Trends Analysis:
Per Capita Personal Income Growth and Change, 1969-2022
Introduction
Hale County vs. Alabama
Hale County:
2022 PCI = $43,219
2022 Percent of State = 84.88%
Alabama:
2022 PCI = $50,916
Per Capita Income (PCI) is one of the most widely used indicators for gauging the economic performance and changing fortunes of local economies. It is used as a yardstick to assess the economic well being of a region's residents and the quality of consumer markets. It serves as a barometer for calibrating the economic performance of a region over time and to judge differences in relative economic prosperity between regions. Shifting trends in local per capita income growth have important social and political ramifications and significant implications in formulating local economic development strategies and initiatives.
Data Definition:
This measure of income is calculated as the total personal income of the residents of an area divided by the population of the area. Per capita personal income is often used as an indicator of consumers' purchasing power and of the economic well-being of the residents of an area.
Personal income is measured as a flow throughout the year, while the measurement of population is at one point in mid-year. Therefore, per capita income is distorted if a significant change in population occurs during the year.
For smaller counties in particular, per capita income in any given year may be exceptionally high or low for the short run because of unusual local conditions, such as a bumper crop, a catastrophe, or a major construction project as the building of a dam or nuclear power plant.
Farm incomes are notorious for being especially volatile year-to-year, owing to changing weather, commodity market conditions, and alterations in government programs. Therefore, the per capita income of farm-dependent counties may exhibit sharp fluctuations over time.
The presence of large institutional populations--such as residents attending a local college or the residents of a local prison or state mental institution--can significantly lower the per capita income estimates of an area. Such results may not reflect the relative economic well being of the non-institutional population and may mislead if care is not given to their interpretation.
Hale County Per Capita Personal Income, 1970-2022
Current vs. Constant Dollars
Hale County Per Capita Personal Income, 1970-2022
Current vs. Constant Dollars
Figure 1.
Figure 1 depicts Hale County's annual per capita personal income over 1970-2022 in current and constant (2017) dollars. Constant dollar measurements remove the effects of inflation. They allow for comparison of changes in the real purchasing power of Hale County over time.
When measured in current dollars, Hale County's per capita personal income increased 2,123.64%, from $1,944 in 1970 to $43,219 in 2022. When measured in constant 2017 dollars to adjust for inflation, it advanced 278.76%, from $9,833 in 1970 to $37,244 in 2022.
Real Per Capita Personal Income, 1969-2022
Real Per Capita Personal Income, 1969-2022
Figure 2.
Figure 2 traces Hale County's and Alabama's annual real per capita personal income for the period 1969-2022 to illustrate real per capita personal income patterns over time. During this 54-year period, Hale County's real per capita personal income rose from $7,887 in 1969 to $37,244 in 2022, for a net gain of $29,357, or 372.23%. In comparison, Alabama's real per capita personal income increased from $14,991 in 1969 to $43,877 in 2022, for a net advance of $28,886, or 192.69%.
Real Per Capita Personal Income Indices (1969=100): 1969-2022
Real Per Capita Personal Income Indices (1969=100): 1969-2022
Figure 3.
Figure 3 shows Hale County's real per capita personal income growth in a broader context by offering direct comparisons across time with Alabama, the United States. The growth indices shown here express each region's real per capita personal income in 1969 as a base figure of 100, and the real per capita personal incomes in later years as a percentage of the 1969 base figure. This method allows for more direct comparison of differences in real per capita personal income growth between regions that may differ vastly in size.
Hale County's overall real per capita personal income growth was 372.23% over 1969-2022 outpaced Alabama's increase of 192.69%, and outpaced the United States' increase of 171.04%.
Per Capita Personal Income as a Percent of the U.S. Average: 1969-2022
Per Capita Personal Income as a Percent of the U.S. Average: 1969-2022
Figure 4.
Figure 4 depicts the trends for per capita personal income relative to the national average by tracing Hale County and Alabama per capita personal income as a percent of the national average over 1969-2022.
In 1969, Hale County's per capita personal income amounted to 37.89% of the national average; in 2022, it approximated 66.01%. Similarly, in 1969, Alabama's per capita personal income totaled 72.02% of the national average; in 2022, it consisted of 77.77%.
Hale County Real Per Capita Personal Income:
Annual Percent Change, 1970-2022
Hale County Real Per Capita Personal Income:
Annual Percent Change, 1970-2022
Figure 5.
Figure 5 shows the short-run pattern of Hale County's real per capita personal income growth by tracking the year-to-year percent change over 1970-2022. The average annual percent change for the entire 53-year period is also traced on this chart to provide a benchmark for gauging periods of relative high--and relative low--growth against the backdrop of the long-term average.
On average, Hale County's real per capita personal income grew at an annual rate of 3.08% over 1970-2022. The county recorded its highest growth in 1970 (24.68%) and recorded its lowest growth in 2022 (-8.35%). In 2022, Hale County's real per capita personal income declined by -8.35%
Hale County Real Per Capita Personal Income:
Annual Percent Change and Decade Averages Over 1970-2022
Hale County Real Per Capita Personal Income:
Annual Percent Change and Decade Averages Over 1970-2022
Figure 6.
Over the past five decades some counties have experienced extreme swings in growth, and often such swings have tended to coincide with the decades themselves. Figure 6 again illustrates the annual percent change in Hale County's real per capita personal income since 1970, but this time they are displayed with average growth rates for the decade of the 1970s, 1980s, 1990s, 2000s, 2010s, and 2020-2022.
During the 1970s, Hale County's annual real per capita personal income growth rate averaged 5.18%. It averaged 3.66% in the 1980s, 2.53% throughout the 1990s, 3.39% during the 2000s, 1.36% during the 2010s, 0.77% thus far this decade (2020-2022).
Real Per Capita Personal Income Growth:
Average Annual Percent Change by Decade
Real Per Capita Personal Income Growth:
Average Annual Percent Change by Decade
Figure 7.
Figure 7 compares the decade average growth rates for Hale County noted in the previous graph with the corresponding decade averages for Alabama and the nation. As the chart reveals, Hale County's average annual real per capita personal income growth topped Alabama's average in the 1970s (5.18% vs. 3.30%), surpassed Alabama's average in the 1980s (3.66% vs. 2.38%), led Alabama's average throughout the 1990s (2.53% vs. 2.16%), led Alabama's average in the 2000s (3.39% vs. 1.30%), recorded above Alabama's average during the 2010s (1.36% vs. 1.23%), and recorded under Alabama's average over the 3 year period of the current decade, 2020-2022 (0.77% vs. 1.94%).
Finally, relative to nationwide real per capita personal income growth trends, Hale County outperformed the nation during the 1970s (5.18% vs. 2.37%), led the nation over the 1980s (3.66% vs. 2.19%), led the nation during the 1990s (2.53% vs. 2.01%), outperformed the nation over the 2000s (3.39% vs. 1.10%), fell below the nation in the 2010s (1.36% vs. 1.97%), and lagged the nation over 2020-2022 (0.77% vs. 1.78%).
   
 
Real* Per Capita Personal Income Growth:
Average Annual Percent Change
 
 
 
3.08
5.18
3.66
2.53
3.39
1.36
0.77
-8.35
 
2.07
3.30
2.38
2.16
1.30
1.23
1.94
-4.46
 
1.92
2.37
2.19
2.01
1.10
1.97
1.78
-4.55
 
   

Interactive TableTip: To augment your analysis click on the column headers in the following table to rank and/or sort the data.

   
 
Hale County:
Per Capita Personal Income, 1969-2022
 
1969
 
1,489
0.189
7,887
100.0
N
52.61
37.89
1970
 
1,944
0.198
9,833
124.7
24.68
63.09
46.30
1971
 
2,227
0.206
10,806
137.0
9.89
66.56
49.80
1972
 
2,369
0.213
11,118
141.0
2.89
64.52
48.78
1973
 
2,654
0.225
11,818
149.8
6.29
64.91
49.48
1974
 
2,751
0.248
11,096
140.7
-6.11
61.45
47.14
1975
 
3,008
0.269
11,200
142.0
0.94
61.17
47.57
1976
 
3,425
0.283
12,088
153.3
7.93
62.98
49.82
1977
 
3,619
0.302
11,994
152.1
-0.78
61.14
48.16
1978
 
4,185
0.323
12,966
164.4
8.10
63.32
50.08
1979
 
4,462
0.351
12,697
161.0
-2.07
61.33
48.33
1980
 
4,821
0.389
12,384
157.0
-2.47
60.57
47.34
1981
 
5,385
0.424
12,695
161.0
2.51
61.24
47.69
1982
 
5,863
0.448
13,095
166.0
3.15
63.25
48.90
1983
 
6,354
0.467
13,612
172.6
3.94
64.13
50.02
1984
 
7,180
0.484
14,824
188.0
8.90
66.24
51.70
1985
 
8,225
0.501
16,408
208.0
10.69
70.90
55.78
1986
 
8,828
0.512
17,235
218.5
5.04
72.24
57.02
1987
 
8,984
0.528
17,015
215.7
-1.28
70.03
55.36
1988
 
9,754
0.549
17,778
225.4
4.49
70.68
55.92
1989
 
10,341
0.573
18,059
229.0
1.58
69.05
55.42
1990
 
11,215
0.598
18,763
237.9
3.90
70.71
57.17
1991
 
11,848
0.618
19,179
243.2
2.22
71.44
59.09
1992
 
12,649
0.634
19,945
252.9
3.99
71.97
60.01
1993
 
13,379
0.650
20,583
261.0
3.20
73.85
61.62
1994
 
13,914
0.664
20,969
265.9
1.88
73.38
61.70
1995
 
14,645
0.678
21,614
274.1
3.08
73.69
62.11
1996
 
14,754
0.692
21,320
270.3
-1.36
71.62
59.67
1997
 
14,915
0.704
21,183
268.6
-0.64
69.41
57.53
1998
 
15,484
0.710
21,819
276.7
3.00
68.36
56.32
1999
 
16,659
0.720
23,137
293.4
6.04
71.51
58.26
2000
 
16,336
0.738
22,129
280.6
-4.36
67.34
53.47
2001
 
17,313
0.753
22,992
291.5
3.90
69.13
54.88
2002
 
18,670
0.763
24,472
310.3
6.44
72.73
58.71
2003
 
20,576
0.779
26,416
334.9
7.94
77.07
63.00
2004
 
22,112
0.798
27,700
351.2
4.86
77.90
64.69
2005
 
23,381
0.821
28,470
361.0
2.78
78.51
65.55
2006
 
25,452
0.844
30,142
382.2
5.87
81.41
67.26
2007
 
26,270
0.866
30,332
384.6
0.63
80.79
66.36
2008
 
27,992
0.892
31,391
398.0
3.49
83.71
68.52
2009
 
28,561
0.889
32,120
407.3
2.32
87.30
72.66
2010
 
28,912
0.905
31,942
405.0
-0.55
85.42
71.29
2011
 
30,131
0.928
32,467
411.7
1.64
86.37
70.65
2012
 
30,645
0.945
32,417
411.0
-0.16
86.17
69.27
2013
 
31,814
0.958
33,215
421.2
2.46
89.08
71.65
2014
 
31,571
0.971
32,507
412.2
-2.13
85.96
68.21
2015
 
33,632
0.973
34,566
438.3
6.33
88.05
69.98
2016
 
34,343
0.983
34,943
443.1
1.09
88.72
70.13
2017
 
34,856
1.000
34,856
442.0
-0.25
87.20
68.34
2018
 
35,245
1.020
34,538
437.9
-0.91
85.28
66.11
2019
 
37,933
1.035
36,645
464.6
6.10
88.21
68.29
2020
 
41,204
1.046
39,379
499.3
7.46
89.80
69.66
2021
 
44,293
1.090
40,635
515.2
3.19
88.48
68.75
2022
 
43,219
1.160
37,244
472.2
-8.35
84.88
66.01
Source: Calculations by the Alabama Regional Economic Analysis Project (AL-REAP)
with data provided by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis
November 2023
REAP_PI_CA1400_700_PSN
 
   

Interactive TableTip: To augment your analysis click on the column headers in the following table to rank and/or sort the data.

   
 
Alabama:
Per Capita Personal Income, 1969-2022
 
1969
 
2,831
0.189
14,991
100.0
N
72.02
1970
 
3,081
0.198
15,586
104.0
3.97
73.39
1971
 
3,345
0.206
16,234
108.3
4.16
74.82
1972
 
3,672
0.213
17,233
115.0
6.15
75.60
1973
 
4,088
0.225
18,206
121.4
5.65
76.23
1974
 
4,477
0.248
18,057
120.5
-0.82
76.72
1975
 
4,918
0.269
18,309
122.1
1.40
77.77
1976
 
5,438
0.283
19,194
128.0
4.84
79.10
1977
 
5,920
0.302
19,619
130.9
2.21
78.77
1978
 
6,609
0.323
20,477
136.6
4.37
79.09
1979
 
7,275
0.351
20,702
138.1
1.10
78.80
1980
 
7,959
0.389
20,446
136.4
-1.23
78.16
1981
 
8,793
0.424
20,730
138.3
1.39
77.87
1982
 
9,269
0.448
20,704
138.1
-0.13
77.31
1983
 
9,908
0.467
21,227
141.6
2.53
78.01
1984
 
10,840
0.484
22,379
149.3
5.43
78.05
1985
 
11,601
0.501
23,143
154.4
3.42
78.67
1986
 
12,220
0.512
23,858
159.2
3.09
78.93
1987
 
12,830
0.528
24,298
162.1
1.84
79.06
1988
 
13,800
0.549
25,152
167.8
3.52
79.12
1989
 
14,975
0.573
26,151
174.4
3.97
80.26
1990
 
15,860
0.598
26,533
177.0
1.46
80.84
1991
 
16,585
0.618
26,847
179.1
1.18
82.72
1992
 
17,574
0.634
27,711
184.9
3.22
83.38
1993
 
18,116
0.650
27,871
185.9
0.58
83.44
1994
 
18,963
0.664
28,578
190.6
2.53
84.09
1995
 
19,874
0.678
29,332
195.7
2.64
84.29
1996
 
20,599
0.692
29,767
198.6
1.48
83.31
1997
 
21,487
0.704
30,518
203.6
2.52
82.88
1998
 
22,651
0.710
31,918
212.9
4.59
82.39
1999
 
23,296
0.720
32,355
215.8
1.37
81.48
2000
 
24,258
0.738
32,861
219.2
1.56
79.40
2001
 
25,046
0.753
33,260
221.9
1.22
79.39
2002
 
25,671
0.763
33,649
224.5
1.17
80.72
2003
 
26,700
0.779
34,277
228.7
1.87
81.75
2004
 
28,385
0.798
35,559
237.2
3.74
83.04
2005
 
29,780
0.821
36,261
241.9
1.97
83.49
2006
 
31,264
0.844
37,025
247.0
2.11
82.62
2007
 
32,516
0.866
37,544
250.4
1.40
82.14
2008
 
33,441
0.892
37,502
250.2
-0.11
81.85
2009
 
32,717
0.889
36,794
245.4
-1.89
83.24
2010
 
33,849
0.905
37,396
249.5
1.64
83.46
2011
 
34,887
0.928
37,592
250.8
0.52
81.80
2012
 
35,564
0.945
37,620
251.0
0.07
80.39
2013
 
35,713
0.958
37,286
248.7
-0.89
80.43
2014
 
36,729
0.971
37,818
252.3
1.43
79.35
2015
 
38,197
0.973
39,257
261.9
3.81
79.48
2016
 
38,712
0.983
39,388
262.7
0.33
79.05
2017
 
39,975
1.000
39,975
266.7
1.49
78.38
2018
 
41,330
1.020
40,501
270.2
1.32
77.53
2019
 
43,004
1.035
41,544
277.1
2.58
77.42
2020
 
45,887
1.046
43,854
292.5
5.56
77.57
2021
 
50,059
1.090
45,926
306.4
4.72
77.70
2022
 
50,916
1.160
43,877
292.7
-4.46
77.77
Source: Calculations by the Alabama Regional Economic Analysis Project (AL-REAP)
with data provided by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis
November 2023
REAP_PI_CA1400_700_PSN
 
   

Interactive TableTip: To augment your analysis click on the column headers in the following table to rank and/or sort the data.

   
 
United States:
Per Capita Personal Income, 1969-2022
 
1969
 
3,931
0.189
20,816
100.0
N
1970
 
4,198
0.198
21,238
102.0
2.03
1971
 
4,471
0.206
21,697
104.2
2.16
1972
 
4,857
0.213
22,793
109.5
5.05
1973
 
5,363
0.225
23,883
114.7
4.78
1974
 
5,836
0.248
23,537
113.1
-1.45
1975
 
6,324
0.269
23,544
113.1
0.03
1976
 
6,875
0.283
24,265
116.6
3.07
1977
 
7,516
0.302
24,906
119.6
2.64
1978
 
8,356
0.323
25,889
124.4
3.95
1979
 
9,232
0.351
26,271
126.2
1.47
1980
 
10,184
0.389
26,160
125.7
-0.42
1981
 
11,291
0.424
26,621
127.9
1.76
1982
 
11,990
0.448
26,781
128.7
0.60
1983
 
12,701
0.467
27,210
130.7
1.61
1984
 
13,889
0.484
28,674
137.7
5.38
1985
 
14,746
0.501
29,417
141.3
2.59
1986
 
15,482
0.512
30,227
145.2
2.75
1987
 
16,228
0.528
30,733
147.6
1.67
1988
 
17,442
0.549
31,790
152.7
3.44
1989
 
18,658
0.573
32,584
156.5
2.50
1990
 
19,619
0.598
32,821
157.7
0.73
1991
 
20,050
0.618
32,457
155.9
-1.11
1992
 
21,077
0.634
33,234
159.7
2.39
1993
 
21,713
0.650
33,405
160.5
0.51
1994
 
22,552
0.664
33,986
163.3
1.74
1995
 
23,577
0.678
34,798
167.2
2.39
1996
 
24,725
0.692
35,729
171.6
2.67
1997
 
25,925
0.704
36,822
176.9
3.06
1998
 
27,493
0.710
38,740
186.1
5.21
1999
 
28,592
0.720
39,711
190.8
2.51
2000
 
30,551
0.738
41,384
198.8
4.21
2001
 
31,548
0.753
41,895
201.3
1.23
2002
 
31,801
0.763
41,684
200.2
-0.50
2003
 
32,659
0.779
41,928
201.4
0.59
2004
 
34,183
0.798
42,821
205.7
2.13
2005
 
35,669
0.821
43,432
208.6
1.43
2006
 
37,843
0.844
44,816
215.3
3.19
2007
 
39,588
0.866
45,710
219.6
1.99
2008
 
40,854
0.892
45,816
220.1
0.23
2009
 
39,307
0.889
44,204
212.4
-3.52
2010
 
40,557
0.905
44,808
215.3
1.36
2011
 
42,649
0.928
45,956
220.8
2.56
2012
 
44,237
0.945
46,795
224.8
1.83
2013
 
44,401
0.958
46,357
222.7
-0.94
2014
 
46,287
0.971
47,659
229.0
2.81
2015
 
48,060
0.973
49,394
237.3
3.64
2016
 
48,971
0.983
49,826
239.4
0.88
2017
 
51,004
1.000
51,004
245.0
2.36
2018
 
53,309
1.020
52,240
251.0
2.42
2019
 
55,547
1.035
53,662
257.8
2.72
2020
 
59,153
1.046
56,533
271.6
5.35
2021
 
64,430
1.090
59,110
284.0
4.56
2022
 
65,470
1.160
56,419
271.0
-4.55
Source: Calculations by the Alabama Regional Economic Analysis Project (AL-REAP)
with data provided by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis
November 2023
REAP_PI_CA1400_700_PN
 
   
Copyright © 2023. Pacific Northwest Regional Economic Analysis Project (PNREAP). All Rights Reserved.

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